Chandrayaan 3 ke landing ke bad chandrama se related internet me bahut sare aishe prashan ghoom rahe hai jinke utter aapko yha jroor milenge. Is article me hum aapko 10 aishe mahatvapoorn prashano ke utter denge jo khoob charcha me hai
Kya Chand Gol Hai?
Ji haan, Chand gol hai. Iska matlab hai ki Chand ek circle (circular) ya gol akar ka hai. Yeh hamare prithvi ke aas-pass ghumta rehta hai aur hamare nakshatron mein se ek hai. Lekin dhyan rahe, chand par chhote-chhote pahad aur depression bhi hote hain, iska matlab yeh nahi ki chand poori tarah se perfect gol hota hai.
Kabhi Poora nhi dikhta chandrama
Chandrama (moon) ki yeh khaasiyat, jo aapne mention ki hai, ko “phases of the moon” (chand ki mukhya avasthaayein) kehte hain. Chandrama ke chakkar lagate waqt, uska ek aadha hissa hamare prakashit drishti mein aata hai aur ek aadha hissa aankhon se chhupa rehta hai, is wajah se chandrama alag-alag avasthaaon mein dikhayi deta hai.
Chandrama ke yeh alag-alag avasthaayein hain:
- Purnima (Full Moon): Jab chandrama aur sooraj ek sidhi line mein hote hain, to chandrama ka pura prakashit hissa hamare taraf hota hai aur yeh avastha purnima ke roop mein jaani jaati hai. Is samay chandrama poori tarah se dikhata hai.
- Amavasya (New Moon): Jab chandrama aur sooraj ek sidhi line mein hote hain, lekin chandrama ka prakashit hissa sooraj ki taraf hota hai, to chandrama ka koi bhi prakashit hissa hamare taraf nahi aata. Is avastha ko amavasya kehte hain.
- Dobara Pahunch (First Quarter) and Tisra Pahunch (Third Quarter): In avasthaon mein chandrama aur sooraj ek dusre se 90 degrees ke angle par hote hain. Iska matlab hai ki chandrama ka adha hissa prakashit hota hai aur adha hissa chhupa hota hai. Yeh avasthaen chandrama ke do tarah ke pahunch ko darshati hain.
Isi tarah ke avasthaon ki wajah se chandrama alag-alag dikhata hai aur is phenomenon ko “phases of the moon” kehte hain.
Blue Moon Kya Hai?
“Blue Moon” ek prakar ki chand ki avastha hai, jahan chandrama asal me blue rang ka nahi hota. Blue Moon ka matalab hota hai ki ek particular samay mein do baar poora chandrama nikalta hai, jo usually ek mahine ke gap mein hota hai.
Blue Moon ke do prakar hote hain:
- Seasonal Blue Moon: Jab ek samay mein tino purnima (full moon) hone wale hote hain, to usi maheene me doosri purnima ko “Blue Moon” kehte hain. Yeh tab hota hai jab ek mahine mein normally ek hi purnima hoti hai lekin kisi vajah se us mahine mein do purnima ho jati hain.
- Monthly Blue Moon: Yeh tab hota hai jab kisi mahine mein do baar purnima hoti hai. Normally, ek mahine mein ek hi purnima hoti hai, lekin kabhi-kabhi calendar ki arrangement ki wajah se do purnima ek hi mahine mein aati hai. Is extra purnima ko bhi “Blue Moon” kehte hain.
“Blue Moon” ka naam uske rare nature se juda hai, iska matlab yeh nahi ki chand asal me blue hota hai. Yeh term angrezi bhasha ke old phrases se aaya hai jahan “blue” ka matlab hota tha “rare” ya “uncommon”. Is tarah se, “Blue Moon” ek uncommon event ko refer karta hai jab do baar purnima ek mahine mein hoti hai.
Chand par Gaddhe kaise bane?
Chand par gahre gaddhe (craters) asteroid ya meteoroid impacts se bante hain. Jab koi chota asteroid ya meteoroid, jo ki aksar kisi grah par girne wale space debris hote hain, chand ke surface par tezi se girte hain, to unka impact chand ke surface par ek depression ya gaddha banata hai, jo hum chand ke crater ke roop mein dekhte hain.
Crater banne ka process yeh hota hai:
- Impact: Jab asteroid ya meteoroid tezi se chand ke taraf aa kar girte hain, to unka velocity bada hota hai. Is high velocity impact ke wajah se us chote se area par jahaan woh girte hain, ek bahut bada force generate hota hai.
- Explosion: Jab asteroid ya meteoroid chand ke surface par girte hain, unka kinetic energy ek bade area par phail jata hai. Is process ko “explosion” kehte hain. Is explosion ke wajah se chand ke surface ka material upar uthkar ek crater banata hai.
- Ejecta: Is impact ke wajah se chand ke surface ka material aur gaddha ke aas-pass ka bhag udne lagta hai, jise “ejecta” kehte hain. Yeh material crater ke chaaro taraf chhota hawaan ho jata hai.
- Rim and Walls: Jab material girne ke baad settle hota hai, woh crater ke chaaro taraf ek elevated rim aur walls banata hai. Yeh rim aur walls crater ke shape ko define karte hain.
Chand par aaye hue hazaron saal mein kai aise impact events huye hain, jinke wajah se alag-alag size aur depth ke gaddhe (craters) bane hain. In craters ki study se hum chand ke geological history aur solar system ke formation ki samajh mein madad milti hai.
Prithavi ki raftaar dheemi kar rha hai chaand
Haan, yeh sahi hai ki Prithvi ki ghumne ki raftaar dheere ho rahi hai aur iska ek pramukh karan Chandrama ke akarshan ka prabhav hai. Is prakar, Prithvi aur Chandrama ke beech ke gravitation interaction ke karan Prithvi ki ghumne ki raftaar par asar hota hai.
Chandrama hamesha Prithvi ki or akarshit hota hai kyonki us par Prithvi se kam akarshan hota hai, aur is akarshan se Prithvi ki ghumne ki raftaar dheere ho rahi hai. Yeh prakriya “tidal locking” kehte hain, jisme Chandrama ek hi taraf se hamesha Prithvi ki taraf munh kar ke rehta hai. Iska matlab yeh hai ki Chandrama ka ek taraf hamesha Prithvi ki taraf rehta hai aur doosri taraf kabhi nahi mukh kar sakta.
Is prakriya ke chalte, Chandrama hamesha Prithvi ki taraf ek taraf mukh kar ke rehne ke karan uska akarshan Prithvi ki ghumne ki raftar ko dheere kar deta hai. Yani, Prithvi apne ghumne ki speed mein kam hoti jaati hai. Is prakar, Chandrama ka akarshan Prithvi ke ghumne ki raftar ko prabhavit karta hai.
Chandrama se prthvee tak aane mein kitana samay lagata hai?
Chandrama se Prithvi tak ane mein lagne wala samay us path (trajectory) par nirbhar karta hai jis par yatra ki jaye aur chune gaye prithvi-antariksh yaan ke prakar par. Aam taur par, yeh samay kuch ghante se lekar kuch din tak ho sakta hai.
Iska mukhya karan hai ki yeh path kin mukhya factors par nirbhar karta hai:
- Yaan ki pramukh gati (Velocity): Prithvi-antariksh yaan ki gati is per nirbhar karti hai ki usne kitni unchayi aur kitni shuruaati gati ke saath Chandrama ke paas pahunchne ka prayas kiya.
- Path ka chayan (Trajectory Selection): Yatra ke path ka chayan bhi mahatvapurna hota hai. Kuch path sidhe taur par Chandrama ke paas jaate hain, jabki kuch aur path grah-antariksh yaan dvara use ho sake unchayiyon par rehte hue jate hain.
- Stithi (Orbit): Agar yaan ko ek avyavasthit yaan-path mein chhod diya gaya hai, to uske path ko aur bhi jyada prabhavit kiya ja sakta hai.
- Yaan ki shuruaati sthiti (Initial Position of the Craft): Yaan ki shuruaati sthiti bhi yatra ke samay ko prabhavit karte hain.
- Antariksh mein ane wale sankat (Space Hazards): Antariksh mein ane wale khatron, jaise ki meteoroid aur radiations, se bhi bachne ke liye yaan ka path badla ja sakta hai, jisse yatra mein samay aur parivartan aa sakta hai.
Vistar se, Chandrama se Prithvi tak yatra ke liye prayukt samay ko ghanto se dinon tak ka maan lena chahiye. Is samay ka aanklan karne ke liye, vyaktigat yaan ki visheshiyon aur marg ki avashyakta hoti hai.
chand par ek din kiten ghante ka hota hai?
Chandrama (Moon) par ek din (solar day) aur ek raat (lunar night) milakar lagbhag 29.5 din ka hota hai, jo prithvi par ke ek din se kafi alag hai. Chandrama ki apni rotation ki wajah se yeh aisa hota hai.
Chandrama apni axis ke aas-pass ek baar ghoomne me lagbhag 27.3 din leta hai. Iska matlab hai ki Chandrama ka ek din aur ek raat milakar kareeb 29.5 din ka hota hai. Iska arth hai ki ek chandrama din me aur ek chandrama raat me lagbhag 14.8 din hote hain.
Prithvi par ek din (solar day) karib 24 ghante ka hota hai, jabki Chandrama par kaafi lamba samay lagta hai apni rotation puri karne mein.
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